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What is a microprocessor? Your computer needs a brain. This is where the microprocessor comes in. The whole point of this complicated gadget is to translate high level commands from programming languages such as C++ and Java into the 1s and 0s used in binary -- for storage on your hard drive, or to be interpreted by your CPU. The microprocessor has been called a computer on a chip. Or a brain on a chip, or the silicon heart of your PC. All of these terms are pretty useful to know when you want to get a sense for what this thing does. So let's look at them in greater detail. Computer on a chip: The idea behind the microprocessor is that it is made up of hundreds of tiny transistors, circuits and other components all working together to solve complex problems using very simple instructions ordered from memory -- much like electronic computers have been doing for decades. In this sense, a microprocessor is a computer on a chip. Brain on a chip: In order to do all of the work needed to solve problems, the microprocessor uses an onboard memory called ROM (read only memory). The microprocessor can access this memory to get instructions for solving problems. In addition, the microprocessor includes a specialized type of memory called RAM (random access memory). This is where programs and data are stored while being used. It's also referred to as working memory because information in RAM can be accessed at random instead of being read sequentially from beginning to end like ROM is accessed. So when it comes to brains, the microprocessor definitely has one -- with its own specialized types of storage and processing capacity. Now a chip isn't a brain. It's just a collection of transistors, circuits and other components, all working together into a single integrated circuit that can do things like connect with your PC to send the results of calculations, send email, run diagnostics software, and more. It can do all of these things because it has been programmed to do so. So although the microprocessor is called a "brain" on a chip, it's not really a brain in the truest sense of the word. Silicon heart: Silicon is one tough material to work with. That's why chips are made from plastic or ceramic chips today -- they're far more durable than those made from silicon. But silicon is still the material of choice when it comes to manufacturing microprocessors. Why? Because when you combine silicon with other semiconductor materials like germanium, the result is a material that can conduct electricity better than any other. That's why silicon is called the heart of your PC -- because it's so valuable in creating this valuable device. Now in previous decades, you might have heard someone refer to the microprocessor as the "brains" of your computer, or even just "the brain". But today these terms are pretty much obsolete -- because they're not really accurate. However, don't be surprised if you hear these older terms used in conversation from time to time. cfa1e77820
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